Creating robotic intelligence using multistimuli-responsive cobalt-doped manganese oxide

Abstract Compact material constructs possessing some degree of built-in intelligence via the exhibition complex functionalities in response to easily deliverable stimuli are highly desirable for material-powered robots. We report here a visible light-driven, dual-responsive cobalt-doped manganese dioxide (Co-MnO 2 ), which exhibits high actuation performance terms speed and power requirement decreased electrical resistivity under light illumination. The properties fine-tunable by controlling amount Co doping, followed an electrochemical treatment activate actuation, resistance change conveniently serves as feedback signal actuation. Utilizing these properties, compact microrobotic devices capable self-sensing intensities ~4 mW/cm perform motions along multiple selectable configurational pathways fabricated. Intelligent robotic functions, including self-adapting load lifting, object sorting, on-demand structural stiffening, demonstrated devices. concept opens up perspective creating using multistimuli-responsive materials.